Rob Stewart: December 28, 1979 to January 31, 2017. © 2021 Rob Stewart Sharkwater Foundation. Squalene (with an e) does have a younger sister with a similar name. In cosmetics and personal care products, Squalane and Squalene are used in the formulation of a wide variety of products including bath oils; hair products; eye makeup; foundations; lipstick; suntan and sunscreen products; body powders; and nail products as well as in cleansing, moisturizing, and skin care products. Squalane was originally obtained from shark livers and sometimes it still is. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel reviewed the available safety data for squalane and squalene in 1982, 2001, and 2019 as the incident of usage in skincare and cosmetic products increased. These deep sea sharks are at such a great risk of overfishing that scientists have concluded they should not be caught at all. Sunscreens: How to Read a Label, Expert Tips etc. For Squalene, the maximum concentration of use was 1.2%. Shark Free, Fin Free, United Conservationists, SHARKWATER, REVOLUTION, SHARKWATER EXINCTION are all registered trademarks. The growing cosmetics industry in emerging markets such as … These two factors – price and potency – make shark squalene the most desired source in the market, and a driving deep water sharks into extinction. If the label doesn’t indicate the source, reach out to the company and ask. Additionally, many companies falsely promote ‘squalane’ as the plant alternative to shark squalene, when it’s in fact just the derivative of shark liver oil. Shark livers contain an oil, known as squalene, that’s widespread in sunscreen, lipstick, foundation, lotion, and many other cosmetics. It is found naturally in a lot of different plant oils such as rice bran, oil palm oil, olive oil, wheat germ oil, amaranth oil and sugarcane. Squalene is found naturally in the sebum of human skin and is believed to lubricate and protect skin. Both ingredients function as skin and hair conditioning agents in cosmetics and personal care products. Clinical evidence supports the fact that these ingredients are not sensitizers; therefore, the Panel reaffirmed its original conclusion, and did not re-open this safety assessment. Squalene (and its derivative, squalane) increase the spreadability and absorption of creams and lotions. Manufacturers claim that plant alternatives possess significantly lower quantities of the oil, consequently it takes more effort to harvest plant-based squalene and, as a result, costs around 30% more. FDA Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP), 2021 Copyright. It’s proven ability to prevent moisture loss, restore fine lines, and help in the prevention of wrinkles makes i… It is a major component of fats produced in human skin. Although the company substantially enhanced squalene production from ~0.45% to ~2% of its cell dry weight, this failed to The difference an “a” makesDon’t be fooled. As a natural cosmetics’ formulator, you can opt to use squalene-rich oils or you can add phytosqualane to your formulations. Next to Squalene, it is the most common hydrocarbon in these lipids. But sadly, it’s true. Squalene can be obtained from olives where it has the same qualities of animal-based squalene and is less expensive than the animal version. Squalane is derived by hydrogenation of squalene. So, we thought we’d provide you with information that can help not only save sharks – but also end a destructive industry. Moderate amounts are found in sites of active cholesterol synthesis, namely the liver and small intestine. We’re certain the results will shock you, and change what products we consume. Plant-Based Alternatives to Squalene And, you will also find it in your doctor’s office, as it is added to improve the efficacy of several vaccines, including pandemic flu (yes, even swine flu) and malaria vaccines, by pharmaceutical giants like Novartis. Because it is entirely unnecessary to kill sharks for cosmetics… or pet food… or meat. [23] [24] [25] The World Health Organization and the US Department of Defense have both published extensive reports that emphasize that squalene is naturally occurring, even in oils of human fingerprints. Over 3 million deep-sea sharks are hunted and killed for their liver each year. Squalane also exists as a normal constituent of human sebum. Shark-based squalene has a readily available substitute on the market that comes from a purely vegetable origin. As an alternative to shark squalene, phyto-squalane has been used as a great moisturiser and cosmetic ingredient. Squalene and Squalane are oily substances that are common components of other oils. That’s why we’ve started a movement called SharkFree.Through science, grassroots tools, and education, we want to make ALL the products we buy #SHARKFREE. More and more ethical, plant-based cosmetic companies are emerging. Plant-based squalene can also be derived from wheat germ and amaranth oils. More than 50 shark species are fished for their liver oil, several of which are listed on the IUCN Red list – the most sought after are deep sea sharks, since their liver can make up 20% of their body weight. Shark liver oil or squalene is commonly used cosmetic products ranging from anti-aging creams, lotions, deodorants, hair conditioners, eye shadows, lipstick, lip balms, sunscreen, and cleansers. All Rights Reserved. European Union (EU) Squalene and Squalane are listed on the EU’s Cosmetic Ingredient Inventory (CosIng) and may be used without restrictions in cosmetics and personal care products marketed in Europe according to the general provisions of the Cosmetics Regulation of the European Union. At 100% concentrations, both compounds were non-irritants to the skin and eyes. What is Squalene? The demand for natural cosmetics with … 2014 Cosmetics Toiletries magazine V ulyuust Reear T production of squalene—with a view to producing it on a commercial scale by fermenting the resulting engineered microorganism. Squalane and Squalene act as lubricating skin conditioning agents, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance, as well as hair conditioning agents.According to the 2020 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program database, Squalane and Squalene were used in 3,043 and 539 formulations, respectively.The results of concentration … Unfortunately, due to labeling laws (or the lack of them), companies don’t have to disclose their use of animal-based squalene – so the burden falls squarely on the consumer. In higher vertebrates and humans, it is a precursor of cholesterol. We are certain you don’t want to be contributing to the demise of one of the oldest, most important predators the planet has, without knowing it! Both Squalene and Squalane are natural components of human sebum, a mixture of lipids produced by glands in the skin. Biological activities of squalene related to its emollient, skin hydration, antioxidant, antitumor properties, and its use in cosmetic dermatology are well-known (Huang et al., 2009).During the past few years, the high squalene content of VOO has been proposed as a major factor in its cancer risk-reducing effect (Newmark, 2006; Waterman and Lockwood, 2007). Therefore it is highly crucial to get squalene as a supplement or in the cosmetic preparation to protect the skin, to avoid early aging, wrinkles and skin damage. Squalene is in plants, fungi and humans and is a precursor to sterols. Squalane (with an ‘a’) is simply the hydrogenated version of Squalene. By adding either squalene or squalene to cosmetic products, companies are essentially able to replicate the results achieved by the body’s own ability to moisturize. Squalene is naturally found in high concentrations in shark liver — yes, as in actual sharks, the ocean animal. general provisions of the Cosmetics Regulation of the European Union. The excessive targeting of these sharks has caused dramatic population declines of certain species like some of the gulper and dogfish sharks which live over 3000 feet below sea level, greatly impacting their future survival – all for the sake of beauty. CIR Safety Review: The CIR Expert Panel noted studies indicated Squalane was slowly absorbed through the skin, and both Squalene and Squalane were poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. #SHARKFREE is a campaign to keep sharks out of our products, so we can reduce pressure on their populations and save them from extinction. cosmetics was derived from animals or plants SQUALANE STUDY Squalane is a purified, odorless and hydrogenated (therefore non-oxidizable) version of “squalene”, a lipid found naturally in many animals and plants, as well as in human sebum. With some attention and pressure, we know we can persuade companies to make their products without shark squalene. SQUALENE SQUALENE is classified as : Antistatic; Emollient; Hair conditioning; Refatting; Skin conditioning In all three reviews, the Expert Panel determined the ingredients to be safe for their indicated uses in skincare and cosmetics. Squalene – though can be produced from plants – is typically derived from the liver of deep-sea sharks, since these sharks have especially large reserves of squalene, as their livers comprise one-third of their entire weight. Squalene is a fatty molecule found in the skin that is highly versatile. It is a moisturizing ingredient that is non-greasy, pleasant to the touch, From a topical perspective, squalene provides a variety of benefits for skin health, and is a favourable vehicle for skin-based preparations. Shark liver oil or squalene is commonly used cosmetic products ranging from anti-aging creams, lotions, deodorants, hair conditioners, eye shadows, lipstick, lip balms, sunscreen, and cleansers. Bloom Association conducted a survey to find that the cosmetic industry is the largest (90%) user of shark squalene. It’s also used as an emollient in sunscreen, foundation, face moisturizers, lipstick, eye makeup, tanning oil, and many other products, which most consumers remain completely unaware of. Squalene is a branched-chain hydrocarbon with six carbon-carbon double bonds. A laboratory exam called carbon isotope fingerprint (δ13Ct) is used at professional level to analyse squalene to determine if they came from animal or plant sources. Despite various cosmetic companies investing in more sustainable alternatives to shark liver oil (squalane), one expert believes that there are still issues with supply in that some specialised producers are passing off shark squalene as that of the more expensive plant alternative, unbeknownst to the large multinationals. The fish-friendly alternative is squalane made from olives. Toxicology studies indicate that in the concentrations used in cosmetics, squalene has low acute toxicity, and is not a significant contact allergen or irritant. In fact, squalane is far more used in cosmetics because it is odorless and typically lasts longer than squalene. It’s also found and harvested from shark livers. USE: Squalene is used to make other chemicals such as drugs and rubber chemicals. Sharks are being killed for their fins, livers… for their flesh… for their cartilage… for their skin. Shark liver oil (Squalene or Squalane) Squalene/squalane is an oil that is derived from the shark’s liver and is used in is used in cosmetic products ranging from anti-aging creams, lotions, deodorants, hair conditioners, eye shadows, lipstick, lip balms, sunscreen, and cleansers. The toxicity of these two ingredients by all routes was low. It is used in cosmetics including sun screen lotions, lipstick foundations, nail products, hair conditioners and moisturizers. Cosmetic scientist Shuting Hu told HuffPost that squalane (with an a) is a more stable derivation of squalene (meaning its shelf life is longer, and it won’t go rancid as quickly) that is created through a saturation process. Because squalene (or a derivative called squalane) is highly prized for its moisturizing, wrinkle prevention, smoothing and restorative properties, it is in high demand by our youth-loving culture. Companies commonly use squalene as a moisturizing additive in cosmetics and sunscreens. It is easy to emulsify, chemically inert, but soluble in most cosmetic oils including cyclomethicone. In 2001, after considering new studies and updated use data on these two ingredients, the Panel determined to not re-open the safety assessment.Because it had been at least 15 years since the first re-review summary was published, in accord with CIR Procedures, the Panel considered whether the safety assessment of Squalene and Squalane should be re-opened in 2019. Medicinal uses for squaleneNot only will you find squalene in the cosmetic and lotion aisles at the pharmacy, you will also find it in the supplement and remedy aisles as well. Until laws are passed to ensure squalane-based products are accurately labeled, it’s up to us as consumers to vote with our dollars, thoroughly researching the products we buy. Squalane is made by completely hydrogenating shark liver oil, Squalene, or other natural oils. Over 3 million sharks are hunted and killed for their livers each year to be used in these cosmetics. Cosmetic uses for squaleneShark-based squalene is commonly used by many consumer product and cosmetic brands you are no doubt familiar with. A viable alternativeShark-based squalene has a readily available substitute on the market that comes from a purely vegetable origin – olives – which is actually known to be of better quality than shark-based squalene and less expensive as well. Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products? Thus many of the cosmetic products contain squalene. The broad collection of squalene in cosmetics ensures that you will find all products of your choice, whether you’re acquiring them for yourself, your family, your friend, or to resell for business purposes. Cosmetics is the largest end-use industry of squalene due to its increasing usage in skincare products manufacturing. Squalene hydrates the skin and helps the regeneration of aged or damaged skin and restores the suppleness and flexibility of skin. The animal we fear the most is also one we depend upon for our survival.Sharks play a crucial role on this planet. Squalene isn’t only natural in humans. Shark liver oil is used to promote the healing of wounds, irritations of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, and general debility – and is a common ingredient in medicinal creams like Preparation H. Given its supposed impact on white blood cells, it is also becoming increasingly popular as a booster for the immune system and even as a way of preventing cancer, sold in a pill form. According to the 2020 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP) database, Squalane and Squalene were used in 3,043 and 539 formulations, respectively. Unfortunately, Squalene cannot be used directly in cosmetic formulations as it oxidizes and turns rancid in a short amount of time. Why would you choose to jeopardize our oceans when you have another option? Squalene and squalane can both come from sharks. that both Squalane and Squalene are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the present practices of use and concentration. Squalene is found in shark liver oil, olive oil, wheat germ oil, and rice bran oil. Yüksek Kaliteli Skualen Kozmetik Üreticilerini Skualen Kozmetik Tedarikçilerini ve Skualen Kozmetik Ürünleri en iyi fiyatta Alibaba.com'da bulun. Squalane, its hydrogenated cousin, is widely used as a conditioner, emollient and carrier oil in cosmetic formulations. And they’re being sold to you in disguise! http://www.pewenvironment.org/uploadedFiles/PEG/Publications/Fact_Sheet/Sharks%20Key%20to%20Healthy%20Oceans.pdf, http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/x3690e/x3690e00.htm, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2331563/Lily-Cole-reveal-ugly-truth-luxury-beauty-Model-exposes-cosmetics-industrys-cruel-use-SHARK-liver.html, http://theterramarproject.org/thedailycatch/model-exposes-cosmetics-industrys-cruel-use-of-shark-liver/, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/3323530/Cosmetics-giants-agree-to-stop-using-shark-oil.html, http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/shark-week/shark-feed/theres-shark-in-your-lipstick-everything-you-need-to-know-about-shark-liver-oil/, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2018/07/sharks-news-cosmetics-squalene-health/, http://www.bloomassociation.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/ENG_Squalene_4-pager.pdf, https://www.newsweek.com/there-could-be-sharks-your-lipstick-cosmetic-companies-use-shark-liver-oil-1040591, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100518230649.htm, https://axiologybeauty.com/blogs/our-blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-one-of-the-cosmetic-industrys-deadliest-ingredients-squalene, http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/complementaryandalternativemedicine/pharmacologicalandbiologicaltreatment/shark-liver-oil, http://sharkangels.org/issues-facing-sharks/list-of-shark-products, http://www.cosmeticsdatabase.com/ingredient/706264/SQUALANE/, http://www.cosmeticsdatabase.com/ingredient.php?ingred06=706266. Because squalane is less susceptible to oxidation, is odorless and has a longer efficacy, it is more commonly used in personal care products than squalene. During recent work with sustainable squalene producers, we have learned that squalene derived from sugarcane is actually 1/3 of the cost of squalene extracted from sharks. Consequently, most deep-sea sharks are caught solely for their livers. But most shockingly – sharks are in our cosmetics. A wide variety of squalene in cosmetics options are available to you, such as grade standard, type. Shark populations have dropped up to 95% regionally. And the oceans are the most important ecosystem to our survival – providing food, at least half the oxygen in the air we breathe, and regulating the climate. Rob Stewart thought you should know when an endangered predator is turning up in something you consume – which was the driving force behind Sharkwater Extinction. It is also used in vaccines and sold in the Squalane is hydrogenated squalene and is less prone to oxidation. Squalane is a saturated branched chain hydrocarbon (fully hydrogenated). And by 2010, much of the EU shifted to using only plant-based squalene/squalane. Squalane is a saturated form of squalene in which the double bonds have been eliminated by hydrogenation. Squalene is shark liver oil that had been used as one of the most common moisturizers in cosmetics before sourcing began endangering the species and a plant based version became viable for products. The hydrogenation of squalene can occur naturally in the human body. Every second breath you take comes from the oceans. In the last decade, as more and more consumers are becoming aware of the issues facing sharks, the market is starting to see a shift towards more ethical, plant-based squalane. The Panel reviewed data that had been published since the 2001 re-review, as well as updated frequency and concentration of use data. Squalene is a common ingredient in cosmetics and skincare products, a naturally-occurring moisturizing oil that can come from sharks. Squalene is a polyunsaturated oil. All Rights Reserved. It is also found in shark liver in high amounts. If squalene or squalane is listed – look for the words ‘100% plant-derived,’ or ‘vegetable based’ or “vegetable origins”. After reviewing summaries of studies published since the Final Report was issued and considering that Squalene is a normal constituent of the skin, Dr. Belsito noted that his Team determined that the original safety You can learn more, donate to our work and take the #SHARKFREE pledge at www.sharkwater.com. Consumers bear the burdenUnfortunately, the industry is highly unregulated, and brands have no legal obligation to let consumers know the source of their ingredient squalene. Cosmeticsinfo.org, The Science & Safety Behind Your Favorite Products. Products containing Squalene were not dermal irritants or sensitizers. But sharks and our planet are in trouble. The moisturizer is naturally present in olives, rice bran, and sugarcane. Search to the right to find information on the ingredient you are looking for >>>. Squalene is found in large quantities in shark liver oil, and in smaller amounts in olive oil, wheat germ oil, rice bran oil, yeast, and in various other foodstuffs. Squalene is naturally … The squalene market is driven mainly by increasing sales of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. It’s hard to believe that many of us have been smearing endangered, 450 million year old super predators on our face without being aware of it. However, on a global scale, shark remains the primary source of squalene. However, according to Bloom, the demand for shark liver oil in 2012 was estimated at 2,200 tons – the vast majority from the cosmetics industry. Squalane and Squalene act as lubricating skin conditioning agents, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance, as well as hair conditioning agents. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel first reviewed the safety of Squalene and Squalane in 1982, concluding both are safe as cosmetics ingredients in the present practices of use and concentration.
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