a. the candidates who receive the most votes b. all candidates who receive a certain percentage of votes c. the candidates who speak for the diverse interests of the all Descriptive representation—occurs when groups are represented by their presence in the congress Substantive—occurs when groups interests are advanced in the congress, regardless of who advances them Women—underrepresented, has been due to lack of women in the system as this increases, representation likely will also Minority—more progress in the House; less progress in the Senate Substantive Representation. descriptive representation tends to occur in certain types of districts, it might be the effects of those districts—and not descriptive representation—that is generating symbolic representation (see Grose 2011). Lastly, symbolic representation, while at times devoid of substance, influences the attitudes and behavior of constituents through feelings of … American Government notes-for exam 2.docx, American Government Test 3 Review Points.docx, American Government Final Study Guide.docx. While substantive representation refers to necessary but usually unseen or ignored responsibilities of jobs. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. 0 0. remaley. When substantive interest representation is the aim, descriptive representation may accomplish those goals better than other forms in three contexts: 1)communication between non-mirror representatives and constituents is impaired by distrust, 2) important substantive interests are relatively uncrystalized at the time of the election, and 3) descriptive representatives are more likely than others aggressively to … Research context and concepts. To clarify the effect of descriptive representation, it is crucial to separate it from substantive representation. If descriptive representation creates “blind loyalty,” accountability may be weakened; if it instead empowers and informs voters, accountability may be strengthened. Start studying Oly AP Gov Vocab 12. Descriptive representation refers to what can be seen. View Descriptive representation.doc from GEN 499 at Claremont McKenna College. Source(s): https://shrink.im/a8YOC. ); and 4. a setting within which the activity of representation istaking place(the political context). There are four major types of descriptive statistics: 1. By definition and title, senators and House members are representatives. More is Better: The Influence of Collective Female Descriptive Representation on External Efficacy - Volume 3 Issue 1 - Lonna Rae Atkeson, Nancy Carrillo. descriptive representation. 241- 251).) Posted by jpmaguire. 100 101). Noah H. Lv 7. What is Descriptive Representation? Descriptive representation occurs when elected officials mirror some characteristic of their constituents, like race or ethnicity. 2. Lv 4. Descriptive statistics allow you to characterize your data based on its properties. Introduction: The term ‘Representative Democracy’ is self explanatory at face value. Measures of Frequency: * Count, Percent, Frequency * Shows how often something occurs * Use this when you want to show how often a response is given. The descriptive representations of cell structure for each of these cellular biology models came from the textbook review, specifically from Raven et al. cal views of the citizens. Political representation, on almost any account, will exhibit thefollowing five components: 1. some party that is representing(therepresentative, an organization, movement, state agency, etc. Congress can override a veto with 2/3 rule, A permanent congressional committee that specializes in a particular policy area, A committee made up of both house and senate members, A temporary congressional committee created for a specific purpose and disbanded after that purpose is fulfilled, A temporary committee created to work out differences between the house and senate versions of a specific piece of legislation, Eyars of consecutive service on a particular congressional committee, The process of reviewing the operations of an bench to determine whether it is carrying out policies as congress intended, The presiding officer of the house of representatives, The head of the majority party in the Senate, the 2nd highest ranking member of the majoriity party in the house, A delaying tactic used it the senate that involves speech making to prevent action on a piece of legislation, The mechanism by which a filibuster is cut off in the senate, People who live and vote in a government officials district or state, A representative who is obligated to consider the views of constituents but it not obligated to vote according to those views if he or she believes they are misguided, A legislator whose primary responsibility is to represent the majority view of his or her constituents, regardless of their own view, A system of government in which the chief executive is the leader who party holds the most seats in the legislature after an election or whose party forms a major part of the ruling coalition, Federal funds appropriated by congress for use on local projects. (Descriptive Representation: Understanding the Impact of Identity on Substantive Representation of Group Interests (pgs. Since 1992, the U.S. Congress has experienced dramatic change in the demographic makeup of its membership. 1 decade ago. potential agents of representation. Survey research allows you to gather large volumes of data that can be analyzed for frequencies, … This means they are intended to be drawn from local populations around the country so they can speak for and make decisions for those local populations, their constituents, while serving in their respective legislative houses. Measures of Central Tendency * Mean, Median, and Mode Descriptive representation occurs when a population is represented by _____ asked Mar 21, 2016 in Political Science by Anderson. Surveys. This is the British English definition of descriptive representation.View American English definition of descriptive representation.. Change your default dictionary to American English. Theoretically, the process of constituents voting regularly and reaching out to their r… Descriptive analytics is the process of parsing historical data to better understand the changes that have occurred in a business. Descriptive when groups are represented by their presence, Descriptive representation—occurs when groups are represented by their presence in the, Substantive—occurs when groups interests are advanced in the congress, regardless of, Women—underrepresented, has been due to lack of women in the system as this, increases, representation likely will also, Minority—more progress in the House; less progress in the Senate, Since 1972, party nominees have been chosen in state-by-state primaries (and caucuses), local gathering of party members to choose conventional delegates, an election by which voters choose convention delegates, committed to voting for a certain candidate, Start at the precinct level, but choose delegates for a number of future conventions, Caucus turnout is very low—usually in the single digits, Iowa is the first and most famous caucus state, Primary elections—narrow the number of candidates, New Hampshire is the first and most famous, NH Secretary of State allowed to move election forward to ensure primary, takes place prior to “any similar election” in any other state, the process of scheduling presidential primaries early in the primary, the leading candidate and expected winner of a nomination or an election, the widely held public perspective that a candidate has gained electoral, Campaign is too long and starts too early, Damage done to the candidates from within their own party, Primaries benefit political activists and the media, Distorts the issues—activists are not interested in the same issues as regulars, The “horse race” focused coverage—focus on numbers to issues, Media focus on mistakes and the sensational, Nominee is already known; merely make it official, Official statement of what the party “believes” on the issues, States get one vote for each representative and senator, Each state has a minimum of 3 electoral votes, California has most at 55 electoral votes. Descriptive representation is when an elected official represents people based on some characteristic or characteristics the elected official and the people he or she represents possess. Descriptive research is usually defined as a type of quantitative research, though qualitative research can also be used for descriptive purposes.The research design should be carefully developed to ensure that the results are valid and reliable.. According to this idea, representation is good when the composition of the body of representatives mirrors the composition of the body represented. Pitkin identifies there four types of representation: formalistic, descriptive, symbolic and substantive. Definition of DESCRIPTIVE REPRESENTATION (noun): representation of particular groups. Using a range of … We use cookies to offer you a better experience, personalize content, tailor advertising, provide social media features, and better understand the use of our services. Descriptive representation, or ―the circumstances in which a citizen shares ascriptive characteristics such as race, ethnicity, gender, and so forth with his [or her] representative,‖ has been examined in the literature on minority politics (Pantoja and Segura 2003, 443). (2011, pp. She defines formalistic representation as the formal bestowing of … Many studies of Latino descriptive Descriptive and substantive representation of women In this study I will focus on descriptive and substantive representation as defined by Hanna Pitkin in her seminal work The Concept of Representation (1967). In essence, descriptive representation is argued to produce better decisions that are inclusive to a wider set of popular voices. The house reapportioned after each census, The formal charging of a government official with "treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors", Redrawing a congressional district to intentionally benefit one political party, Solving problems for constituents, especially problems involving government officials, A belief that constituents are more effectively represented by legislators who are similar to them in such key demographic characteristics as race, gender, ethnicity, or religion, The drawing of a legislative district to maximize th chance that a minority candidate will win the election, The presidents disapproval of a bill that has been passed by both house of congress. Descriptive- the idea that elected representatives will represent the interests of their race, socioeconomic group, or geographic area of birth. We examine whether descriptive representation also helps the popular willingness to accept a political decision using a survey experiment run in the Norwegian citizen panel in 2014. Descriptive representation occurs when elected politicians are typical of the larger class of persons that they Descriptive representation A belief that constituents are more effectively represented by legislators who are similar to them in such key demographic characteristics as race, gender, ethnicity, or religion representation, but contends that three of these—formalistic, descriptive, and symbolic— are limited. Redistrubution of representation among the states, based on population change. I explore these possibilities by studying constituent-legislator relationships … ); 3. something that is being represented(opinions,perspectives, interests, discourses, etc. Descriptive research methods. Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and … (2011, pp. ); 2. some party that is being represented(theconstituents, the clients, etc. The Adams formulation, and modern attention to “descriptive representation,” focuses on the degree to which the assembly looks like the people (“an exact portrait”) with regard to such characteristics as race and gender and perhaps also age, social class, religion, language, or other characteristics. This preview shows page 6 - 9 out of 11 pages. That is, representationrefers to an elected leader’s looking out for his or her constituents while carrying out the duties of the office. Definition of Descriptive Representation: A form of representation in which the representative is a member of the represented group. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Definition and synonyms of descriptive representation from the online English dictionary from Macmillan Education.. 0 0. Descriptive v. Substantive Representation of Women and Ethnic Groups by Parliament (J.P. Maguire) Feb 21. Substantive- the tendency of elected officials to support an agenda based on their personal and political party’s views. 5. something that is being left out(the opinions,intere… While Congress is dominantly a male, white institution, the creation of majority-minority districts in the early 1990s resulted in the election of African-Americans and Hispanics to Congress. The second concept, descriptive representation,1 focuses on minority empowerment. 2. In her view, substantive representation—what she often refers to as ‘acting for’ representation—is the one true type. 4 years ago. 67 68) and Reece et al. In descriptive representation, the normative principle of equality im- Show full text. Descriptive representation is the idea that a group elects an individual to represent them who in their own characteristics mirror some of the more frequent experiences and outward manifestations of the group.
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