dfpSlots['topslot'].renderCallback = function(e) { resizeSlotContainer(e) };var mapping_rightslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([994, 0], [[300, 250]]).addSize([0, 0], []).build(); noun topics descriptive representation -noun See definition in Dictionary politics representation of particular groups. Racial gerrymandering. ); and 4. a setting within which the activity of representation istaking place(the political context). Among them is Nancy Pelosi who became the Speaker of the House in the Eleventh Congress and James Clyburn, an African-American who served as Majority Whip. descriptive representation in congress In some cases, representation can seem to have very little to do with the substantive issues representatives in Congress tend to debate. 'increment': 1, 5. something that is being left out(… { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531967' }}, },{ bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb779d000f', pos: 'met_topslot_728x90' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347868', size: [320, 100] }}, Keywords: U.S. Congress, majority-minority districts, representations, descriptive representation, race, gender, ethnicity, behavior of legislators, party leadership. Critical Mass and Women's Substantive Representation Women's descriptive representation and the literature that addresses the means by which more women might be elected to national office involve, at face value, number-based models. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_MidArticle' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347868', size: [300, 50] }}, volumeOutline. dfpSlots['leftslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/23202586/met_leftslot', [[160, 600]], 'ad_leftslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_leftslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'left').addService(googletag.pubads()); Descriptive representation is a representation in which representatives have similar backgrounds to the people they represent. For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQs, and if you can''t find the answer there, please contact us. © Oxford University Press, 2018. bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb79c60011', pos: 'met_btmslot_mobile_flex' }}, However, descriptive panels are not asked about likes and dislikes, i.e. googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(false); partner: "uarus31" “ Descriptive Representation, Policy Outcomes, and Municipal Day-care Coverage in Norway.” American Journal of Political Science 46 ( 2 ): 428 –37. storage: { descriptive representation. },{ }] { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531982' }}, iframe: { { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_SR' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb779d000f', pos: 'met_leftslot_160x600' }}, } In congressional elections, these people usually win. PRINTED FROM OXFORD HANDBOOKS ONLINE (www.oxfordhandbooks.com). Proportional representation (PR)is a… { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_btmslot' }}]}, expires: 365 { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_leftslot' }}]}, bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb779d000f', pos: 'met_leftslot_160x600' }}, var pageUrlSetting = location.protocol + '//' + location.host + location.pathname; incumbents. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sfr", "met_dict_thesaurus"); While some of the people … { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531848' }}, In a democracy, you want a voice in government, but if your party loses the election, you may feel like your interests won't be represented. 'increment': 0.05, substantive representation. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_Billboard' }}, }); { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531918' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '20584944' }}, {code: 'ad_topslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_topslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 50], [320, 50]] } }, noun uncountable. It’s a visual representation of the strength of a relationship. iasLog("criterion : sfr = met_dict_thesaurus"); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_rightslot' }}]}]; initAdSlotRefresher(); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_topslot' }}, Descriptive research includes both quantitative and qualitative data and uses these types of data to describe the population being observed. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_btmslot' }}, The electoral advantage of the incumbents presents a stumbling block on the advancement of new groups into the institution. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("met_pt", "entry"); UK /dɪˌskrɪptɪv reprɪzenˈteɪʃ (ə)n/. Instead, proper representation for some is rooted in the racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, gender, and sexual identity of the representatives themselves. name: "pubCommonId", {code: 'ad_topslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_topslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 50], [320, 50], [320, 100]] } }, dfpSlots['rightslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/23202586/met_rightslot', [[300, 250]], 'ad_rightslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_rightslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'mid').setTargeting('hp', 'right').addService(googletag.pubads()); While Congress is dominantly a male, white institution, the creation of majority-minority districts in the early 1990s resulted in the election of African-Americans and Hispanics to Congress. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347868', size: [300, 50] }}, pid: '94' {code: 'ad_btmslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, googletag.enableServices(); The article concludes with a discussion on the important avenues for future research as the level of diversity in Congress increases and more women and minorities enter the ranks of committee and party leadership. { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201356', zoneId: '990412', position:'btf' }}, 'min': 3.05, 'cap': true { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_stickyslot' }}, iasLog("criterion : met_pc = dictionary"); 1. a form of political representation in which representatives have similar backgrounds to the people they represent. name: "idl_env", { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_SR' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599234', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, ); 2. some party that is being represented(theconstituents, the clients, etc. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347867', size: [728, 90] }}, How to use descriptive in a sentence. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_rightslot' }}, DEFINITIONS 1. This article examines theoretical expectations on the importance of descriptive representation. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_stickyslot' }}]}]; { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_btmslot' }}, Descriptive grammar is the approach to grammar that is concerned with describing the usage of language by native or non-native speakers without reference to proposed norms of correctness or advocacy of rules based on such norms. Moreover, to date, few minority legislators have been elected from districts that do not contain a high percentage of minority constituents. This form of representation is called descriptive representation. },{ 'buckets': [{ iasLog("criterion : met_pt = entry"); 'min': 31, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347853', size: [160, 600] }}, 1992 also saw the rise of an increased participation of women in Congress, particularly Democratic women, and this number has increased steadily over the years. {code: 'ad_leftslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_leftslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_leftslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[160, 600]] } }, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_topslot' }}]}, bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb79c60011', pos: 'met_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, It offers ahomogenous treatment of both decisions under“risk”—situations in which the decisionmaker has knowledge of, or holds firm beliefs regarding, the objectivepro… descriptive representation. 'cap': true storage: { pbjs.que.push(function() { googletag.cmd.push(function() { { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347852', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599165', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb779d000f', pos: 'met_rightslot_300x250' }}, Access to the complete content on Oxford Handbooks Online requires a subscription or purchase. name: "_pubcid", Description definition, a statement, picture in words, or account that describes; descriptive representation. Substantive- the tendency of elected officials to support an agenda based on their personal and political party’s views. 'max': 36, var pbTabletSlots = [ { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201356', zoneId: '990430', position:'atf' }}, iasLog("setting page_url: - " + pageUrlSetting); { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531942' }}, Using data from the 2006–2014 Cooperative Congressional Election Study, we explore the relationship between both general and specific political knowledge and descriptive representation in Congress. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_stickyslot' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb79c60011', pos: 'met_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201356', zoneId: '990412', position:'btf' }}, But sometimes that can be frustrating. },{ name: "identityLink", dfpSlots['btmslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/23202586/met_btmslot', [[300, 250], 'fluid'], 'ad_btmslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_btmslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'btm').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); storage: { Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter without a subscription. bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb79c60011', pos: 'met_btmslot_mobile_flex' }}, In other words, does the legislative body look like the electorate, in demographic terms? var pbjs = pbjs || {}; { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347867', size: [980, 90] }}, Of particular importance is whether substantive or descriptive representation are necessary to create symbolic representation and perceptions that government outcomes are fair and legitimate. 'min': 8.50, Furthermore, women in the profession of politics often express a lack of interest in running for office and they are often subjected to the effect of “career ceilings”. dfpSlots['topslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/23202586/met_topslot', [[728, 90], [970, 90], [980, 90]], 'ad_topslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531945' }}, pbjs.setConfig(pbjsCfg); name: "pbjs-unifiedid", } var mapping_btmslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([725, 0], [[300, 250], 'fluid']).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50], 'fluid']).build(); The most prevalent number-based { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599234', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347868', size: [320, 50] }}, googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_leftslot' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599232', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, Descriptive representation is the idea that a group elects an individual to represent them who in their own characteristics mirror some of the more frequent experiences and outward manifestations of the group. filter: 'include' The link was not copied. var curResolution = getResolution(); . Descriptive representation is when an elected official represents people based on some characteristic or characteristics the elected official and the people he or she represents possess. expires: 365 'cap': true bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb779d000f', pos: 'met_topslot_728x90' }}, {code: 'ad_btmslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50]] } }, Descriptive- the idea that elected representatives will represent the interests of their race, socioeconomic group, or geographic area of birth. var mapping_stickyslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([725, 0], []).addSize([0, 550], [[320, 100]]).addSize([0, 0], [[320, 50]]).build(); type: "html5", cal views of the citizens. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '346531', size: [300, 250] }}, The canonical theory of choice—Subjective ExpectedUtility (SEU)—owes its inception to the work of Savage(1954), building on previous contributions by De Finetti (1937),Ramsey (1931) and von Neumann and Morgenstern (1947). The Oxford Handbook of the American Congress, Theories of representation and the link between descriptive and substantive representation, Descriptive representation and the constituent–representative link, Descriptive representation and substantive representation of group interests, Voting behavior and representation of minority interests, Beyond voting behavior: Exploring the link between descriptive and substantive representation throughout the legislative process, Descriptive representatives and vigorous advocacy for group interests, The importance of institutional and partisan dynamics, Critical mass and institutional influence on descriptive representation, Critical mass and institutional power in congress, Leadership differences in substance and style. Descriptive statistics are brief descriptive coefficients that summarize a given data set, which can be either a representation of the entire or a sample of a population. How many times have you heard majority rules? } 'max': 30, }, bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb79c60011', pos: 'met_stickyslot_mobile_flex' }}, 'cap': true }, Instead, descriptive representation is the extent to which a representative or legislative body resembles a given constituent and her social or demographic identities. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599206', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, pbjs.que = pbjs.que || []; var pbSlots = [ bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb779d000f', pos: 'met_btmslot_300x250' }}, },{ Campbell , Rosie , Sarah , Childs , and Lovenduski , Joni . bids: [{ bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb79c60011', pos: 'met_sticky_mobile_flex' }}, }], Descriptive representation describes the extent to which public officials reflect the demographic composition of the constituents that they serve. Descriptive representation plays the "mom" in the legislative process. }); In a scatter plot, you plot one variable along the x-axis and another one along the y-axis. var mapping_leftslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([725, 0], [[160, 600]]).addSize([0, 0], []).build(); A belief that constituents are more effectively represented by legislators who are similar to them in such key demographic characteristics as race, gender, ethnicity, or religion. This type of research answers explicitly the “what” question instead of the “how,” “why,” and “when” questions. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531967' }}, She argued that "descriptive representation", or representation by people who, in some way, look and sound like their voter base, is good in certain contexts. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_topslot' }}]}]; Representing constituents by mirroring their personal, politically relevant characteristics. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_leftslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201356', zoneId: '990416', position:'atf' }}, Descriptive statistics are very important because if we simply presented our raw data it would be hard to visulize what the data was showing, especially if there was a lot of it. Descriptive representation. See more. Descriptive representation occurs when a population is represented by _____ asked Mar 21, 2016 in Political Science by Anderson. {code: 'ad_rightslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_rightslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_rightslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, Descriptive research is a research methodology you can use to describe the characteristics of the variables that you are studying, such as events, organizations, individuals, etc. Please subscribe or login to access full text content. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347852', size: [300, 50] }}, {code: 'ad_topslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_topslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[728, 90]] } }, Descriptive definition is - presenting observations about the characteristics of someone or something : serving to describe. userSync: { { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201358', zoneId: '990440', position:'btf' }}, {code: 'ad_stickyslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_stickyslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_stickyslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[320, 100]] } }, var googletag = googletag || {}; var mapping_topslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([994, 0], [[728, 90], [970, 90], [980, 90]]).addSize([725, 0], [[728, 90]]).addSize([0, 550], [[300, 50], [320, 50], [320, 100]]).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 50], [320, 50]]).build(); Show context. While women and minorities remain underrepresented in Congress, some individual legislators have achieved seniority and enough political clout necessary to move into leadership positions. filterSettings: { Special Representation means any representation or warranty contained in Section 3.1 (Organization, Standing and Power; Subsidiaries), Section 3.2 (Capitalization; Title to Shares), Section 3.3 (Authorization, Enforceability and Non-Contravention), Section 3.13 (Taxes), Section 3.19 (Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees), Section 4.1 (Organization, Standing and Power), Section 4.2 … { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_MidArticle' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599233', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, Descriptive Representation: Understanding the Impact of Identity on Substantive Representation of Group Interests. ); 3. something that is being represented(opinions,perspectives, interests, discourses, etc. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347866', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201358', zoneId: '990452', position:'atf' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '20584944' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'met_topslot' }}]}, }); If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code. 3. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599207', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, const customGranularity = { userIds: [{ { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599234', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, PRINTED FROM OXFORD HANDBOOKS ONLINE (www.oxfordhandbooks.com). if(refreshConfig.enabled == true) { heartOutline. }, { { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531848' }}, type: "cookie", { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347868', size: [320, 50] }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531982' }}, iasLog("exclusion label : wprod"); It evaluates empirical evidence on the impact of race, gender, and ethnicity on the behavior of legislators. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. In essence, descriptive representation is argued to produce better decisions that are inclusive to a wider set of popular voices. Substantive representation refers to the representation of group interests in the policymaking process. googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (!event.isEmpty && event.slot.renderCallback) { event.slot.renderCallback(event); } }); googletag.cmd.push(function() { Many other countries use a different electoral system to try and fix this. {code: 'ad_btmslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'met_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/23202586/met_btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201358', zoneId: '1889192', position:'atf' }}, addPrebidAdUnits(pbAdUnits); expandOutline. pbjsCfg = { descriptive representation. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_topslot' }}, Definition. Descriptive representation refers to the composition of the legislative body. Descriptive analysis is ideal for shelf-life testing (the length of time during which a food product performs satisfactorily), especially if the panelists are well trained and available, and give consistent results over time. Those already holding office. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_HDX' }}, According to this idea, representation is good when the composition of the body of representatives mirrors the composition of the body represented. var pbMobileHrSlots = [ substance, material: not mixed with anything, Systems of government and types of government. document.head.appendChild(btScript); Join Macmillan Dictionary on Twitter and Facebook for daily word facts, quizzes and language news. Descriptive representation, sometimes called passive representation or symbolic representation, is the idea that candidates in democratic elections should be elected to represent ethnic and gender constituencies, as well as other minority interest groups, rather than the population at large.According to this idea, an elected body should resemble a representative sample of the … All Rights Reserved. Political representation, on almost any account, will exhibit thefollowing five components: 1. some party that is representing(therepresentative, an organization, movement, state agency, etc. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '540599206', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_MidArticle' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'MacMillanThes_Billboard' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347867', size: [728, 90] }}, Share. } { bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '201358', zoneId: '990440', position:'btf' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '13531945' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '347852', size: [300, 250] }}, 'increment': 0.01, See more. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'met_topslot' }}, btScript.src = '//idmgroup-com.videoplayerhub.com/videoloader.js'; var dfpSlots = {}; You could not be signed in, please check and try again. We examine whether descriptive representation also helps the popular willingness to accept a political decision using a survey experiment run in the Norwegian citizen panel in 2014.
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