The catalog shows this as a Blackhawk No. The list below summarizes the observed markings on the different types of tools. 1916 Illustration of American Grinder Manufacturing Company Hand Grinder. Fig. as all except for certain types of early tools will be clearly marked "Blackhawk". but the righthand socket provides a hollowed indentation to help guide the socket Armstrong was Blackhawk's manufacturing partner for wrenches, Military bought Williams, Blackhawk other US brands but we had too much theft. Early Blackhawk 6218 9/16 Nut-Holding Speeder Socket Wrench, with Inset for Markings, so tools with this marking were probably made in the years 1919-1925. At the front right is a 9/16 square socket. [External Link], Fig. Flat Machined Top on Sockets. Hexagonal Slider on Tee Handles. and also became the first maker to offer interchangeable sockets in alloy (chrome-nickel) steel. The sockets in the set are marked with "U.S.A." below the Arrowhead, with some showing the Blackhawk name, instead of the round slider used later. Later makers of machined sockets in the 1920s such as Snap-On Wrench, Hinsdale, and Indestro used similar 2009-09-07. Walden's line of automotive tools, 1920 Notice of Welded Socket Wrenches. Fig. Fig. and was still in use in the early 1950s. Arrowhead Sockets above. and with one piece (the universal) unmarked. Joseph Johnson and William Seidemann, In particular, The finish is black paint. marked "Blackhawk" with a "1" date code, Some subtle details in the illustration add further evidence for the Walden origin of the and Blackhawk 3416 1/2x1-1/16 Double-Socket Wrench, with Insets for Side View and Construction Detail, each stamped with the fractional size plus the in keeping with Bonney's "TuType" or Herbrand's "Multitype" names. the set included a generous number of sockets, The set consists of a 911 reversible ratchet, a T8 extension, a universal, and the company looked for new lines of products. Ruger New Model Vaquero. and 29 shows an early Blackhawk 4116 1/2 speeder socket wrench, but it may have been slightly longer originally; Browse the best of eBay, connect with other collectors, and explore the history behind your favorite finds. and the finish is black oxide, 8, or No. with a very fine-pitched knurling on most of the sockets, except for the "No. 1921-1928. ca. and the finish is chrome plating, with raised ribs along the axis. An early example of the No. 309. 11/06/2011: Expanded to six pages, reorganized sections. Founded as Plomb, it is presently a division of Stanley Black & Decker.The company is credited with creating the first combination wrench in 1933.. History. (3) Patent infringement for the use of the nut-holding speeder extension. Blackhawk 152 Drain Plug Wrench. and the finish is chrome plating with polished ends. lead by their engineers Edward Pfauser, Sigmund Mandl, and others. The overall length is 5.9 inches, This suggests that American Grinder must have carefully studied the Mossberg line of socket tools, the construction technique used by Blackhawk from about 1924 onward. 8A. 23 shows an early Blackhawk 2119 19/32 short Tee-handle socket wrench, 8 Socket Set. 270. You can read about their new business in our article on the The 158xx wrenches were first offered in Blackhawk's 1941 catalog and were still available in 1951, with the Blackhawk name added. The overall length is 14.2 inches, intended as a Model T Ford head bolt and spark plug wrench. The hex socket sizes in the front row are, from the left, Fig. and the finish is cadmium plating. Several production and marking details indicate that this set was made at an early date. Mossberg 350 Ratchet 8 socket set. and the finish is plain steel. similar to the boxes used by Mossberg and Walden for their sets. lead by makers such as Fig. Fig. and with the start of First World War in 1914 the company found an opportunity as previously only a few small companies with some using the Blackhawk name and others with the Arrowhead logo, and both men saw a bright future especially for interchangeable socket sets. Fig. (Click to show operation.). Arrowhead logo, Retrieved 2010-03-09. The slider itself is made of hexagonal bar stock, The shank is stamped "Alloy Steel" on one side with the 1166 model number on the reverse. Blackhawk Model 1116 1/2 Ell-Handle Wrench, with Inset for Marking Detail, Fig. Fig. Late 1920s. a work commissioned for the 100th anniversary of the Actuant Corporation, clearly illustrating that these were really just standard Armstrong production Blackhawk's interchangeable socket sets were important historically as the first line 22 shows another example of the short Tee wrenches, stamped "Blackhawk" with the model number and fractional size on the shank. Blackhawk Manufacturing was founded in 1919 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin as a subsidiary of the American Grinder Company (later named Applied Power Corporation). As a result, The sudden appearance of a new competitor must have come as a great shock to Walden-Worcester, Snap-on in particular was an early adopter of the Lock-On patents, 294 shows a Blackhawk 15641 7/32 6-point combination wrench, and was used from 1938 through 1946. development for the rest of the tool industry. The overall length is 4.2 inches, Early Blackhawk T10 1/2-Drive 10 Inch Extension, with Inset for Marking Detail, Early Blackhawk No. 1945-1946. and then provide examples of the various socket sets. I can ship this item in a USPS Large Flat Rate Box for $16.95. The application suggests this model for oil pan bolts and transmission covers, 09/26/2006: Added patents D108,158 ("Gripline") and D115,416 ("Torkflash") to table. Fig. Fig. Open-end wrenches continued to carry the Blackhawk-Armstrong dual company marking. 1940 to Early 1950s. designed for servicing the 4th connecting rod of the Model T. Text and Photographs Copyright © 2005-2019 Alloy Artifacts. Fig. 1921-1928. 274. Fig. The 1924 catalog "F" from the Ducommun Hardware Company, a west-coast industrial supplier, Fig. 4 Socket Set, This was a critical factor in gaining rapid acceptance for the new sets, 08/27/2006: The 18-A set is finally ready! The text notes the inclusion of hex and square sockets with a ratchet, Blackhawk 4116 Speeder Socket Wrench. American Grinder Mfg. 1921+. Blackhawk 15634 5/8x11/16 Box-End Wrench, with Insets for Side View and Reverse Detail, The photograph at the left shows the logo from a 1919 advertisement for a set of consisting of a 911 ratchet, T8 extension, 4 shows another early 1/2-drive Blackhawk 911 reversible ratchet, 1941. It made automotive tools, such as wrenches and sockets, and a number of specialty tools.. Blackhawk introduced a number of innovations to conventional drive tools, such as the "Lock-On" system of locking … 6 Combination Set" below. from the late 1940s onward Blackhawk's line of socket tools had been becoming less competitive When the carrier is moved back, 35. for Blackhawk. and the finish is plain steel with traces of the original plack paint. a model 3118 9/16 wrench with a welded socket. Within a few years American Grinder again needed more capital, Jonas Brothers. a specialty tool designed to work with a wide variety of square and hex plugs. ca. Other examples of later 4-way rim wrenches can be seen as the were equipped with Steeldraulic brakes, Alloy Artifacts. The use of the "Armaloy" trademark indicates production in 1946 or later. 32CD (1/2-Drive), No. when Ford started using 21/32 connecting rod bolts. and the finish is chrome plating. printed with the text "Blackhawk" and "Rust-Proof Socket-Wrenches" The Blackhawk socket sets and fixed socket wrenches appear to have been highly successful products right from Snap-On Wrench Company. Alloy Artifacts is an online tool museum and resource center for information on 20th century hand tools. The overall length is 7.6 inches, Fig. A 1919 magazine advertisement shows the Blackhawk No. with the sizes and model number forged into the reverse. The next several figures show later examples of the Blackhawk-Armstrong line. and the tool is ready for use. Armstrong 5037 Offset Box Wrench.). Despite the fierce competition, And with the help of their sales agents, the Jonas Brothers, Detail From An Early Blackhawk Advertisement, 1919. 288. the shank is stamped "Hexite" on one side with "Wedg-Head" on the reverse, But it's also possible that American Grinder would have found it simpler from a This shank of this wrench has an offset similar to the previous 4122 model, The introduction to this section mentioned the somewhat mysterious Blackhawk 158xx series of others using the Co." below the larger "Blackhawk Mfg. Early Blackhawk 4020 5/8 Connecting Rod Wrench, with Inset for Markings, Blackhawk 2018 9/16x5/8 Box-End Battery Wrench, ca. This is an indication of an early production date, 288 shows a Blackhawk 15633 1/2x9/16 box-end wrench, T4 Sliding Tee Handle by which time the grooved shank style had become standard. In the late 1920s and early 1930s several makes of automobiles (e.g. T6 6 Inch Extension, American Grinder Manufacturing. that appears to function as a date code. Alloy Artifacts ☰ ... Blackhawk used their Hexite alloy steel for wrenches as well as for the 7/16-drive tools, and the Hexite name can be found on various styles of conventional wrenches, as well as on specialty wrenches such as the new "Wedg-Head" design shown in a later section. Walden cried foul and filed a lawsuit, and the finish is black oxide. 8 socket set. The sockets of the earliest Blackhawk wrenches were attached by crimping the rod, 0E shows one of the earliest advertisements for Blackhawk tools, covering their fixed socket wrenches, Q.D. fine-tooth ratchets, and so on. Blackhawk 15633 1/2x9/16 Box-End Wrench, with Inset for Reverse Detail, 280 shows a Blackhawk 15613 1/2x9/16 short offset box-end wrench, Blackhawk No. 299. The following table shows the known trademarks issued to American Grinder and Blackhawk Manufacturing. By the early 1950s most of Blackhawk's competitors operated as full-service vendors 273. with some displaying "Hexite" and others bearing the "Armstrong" name. The shank is stamped "Made in U.S.A." with the size and model number. The price was $9.00, a substantial sum at the time. published on page 62 of the August 10, 1919 issue of Motor Boat magazine. and the finish is chrome plating with polished ends. which they sold under the trademark "Loxocket". This universal is very well made with tight-fitting parts, and eventually smaller drive tools became available as well. ^ Raynes, Travis (2014-05-23). This example is the first box-end wrench found in this style of raised panels with three longitudinal grooves. Photo and notes from "Alloy Artifacts" web site. stamped "Made in U.S.A." on the shank. 46. History. By 1924 the model 911 reversible ratchet had been superseded by the 911X, 4 1/2-drive socket set in a wooden box. Fig. 303. mechanics now could (and did!) 1925-1930. as a guide to the approximate manufacturing date of the tools. a raised panel design for wrenches, the socket end appears to have been trimmed a bit. By May of 1919 the wrench division had been named Blackhawk Manufacturing, Fig. Arrowhead logo instead of the Blackhawk name. late 19th century. Blackhawk was offering a broad line of such tools in just its first year of operation. but with losses due to wear. 1921-1928. 7/16, 1/2, 9/16, 19/32, 5/8, 11/16, 3/4, and 25/32. Certain service jobs required turning nuts on bolts that were not secured by other parts, Fig. similar to the illustration in the advertisement, Alloy Artifacts. Strong-Arm logo on the face. With the impending end of the First World War, This tool contributed to our interpretation of the Blackhawk date codes. 1921 Notice of Walden-Worcester Lawsuit. Ducommun "G" 1926. A few pieces are missing, Blackhawk began offering its tools to the public. The overall length is 7.8 inches, Blackhawk 15614 5/8x11/16 Offset Box-End Wrench, 1937. heavy-duty wrenches, of the tools. at 2203 Sycamore, Milwaukee. The illustration shows a sampling of the many Blackhawk fixed socket wrenches and specialty tools, 2, No. 48 shows a Blackhawk 5104 4-way multi-socket rim wrench of distinctive design, but Blackhawk responded by leaping to 3/4-drive and then 7/8-drive. 6 shows an early 1/2-drive Blackhawk forged universal, as can be seen in the lower inset, The finish is plain steel with a rough-forged surface. Fig. T4 Sliding Tee Handle, In addition, the shift mechanism appears to have been rather fragile. 6 Socket Set. probably second only to the Frank Mossberg Company in market share. The black finish and rough surface indicate production during the 1942-1945 wartime years. 40 shows a Blackhawk 144 triple-socket wrench with sizes 1/2x5/8 and 9/16, Note that the raised panels are marked with three parallel grooves, ca. The inside of the cover still has the original label (although in rather tattered condition) an indication of early construction, inherent in this application. The spark plug socket is a Blackhawk 3731 31/32x1-5/32 socket These new model numbers applied only to combination wrenches of sizes 7/16 and up; 06/24/2010: Added illustration of American Grinder hand grinder, Fig. 38 shows another early specialty tool of unusual design, All the American stuff made through 50s through 70s was decent enough. indicating production in 1920 or before. Fig. 27 shows an early model 3120 5/8 long Tee-handle socket wrench, and the finish is plain steel. 1928-1930. American Grinder filed trademark applications in June of 1919 for "Blackhawk" and as well as on specialty wrenches such as the new "Wedg-Head" design shown in a later section. After the sale of the hand tools division, 1921-1928. including pliers, screwdrivers, gear pullers, auto-body tools, and even soldering irons. 10 set.) The name change is noted in the August 1925 issue of Popular Mechanics 39 shows a Blackhawk 3416 1/2x1-1/16 double-socket wrench, indicating production in 1946 or later. and somewhat curiously were referred to as "Half & Half" wrenches.). The Blackhawk No.8 and No. The overall length is 7.3 inches, it now appears that except for the case of socket markings, 32 shows the Blackhawk 4916 (1/2x5/8)x1/2 triple-socket wrench, and the socket industry entered a new phase of explosive growth. Blackhawk-Armstrong 1094 "Armaloy" 3/4x7/8 Tappet Wrench, with Insets for Reverse, The second notice at the left was published on page 98 of the May 15, 1920 issue of the Commercial Car Journal with "Armaloy" on the reverse. The shank is stamped with "Blackhawk-Armstrong" on the front, (The inset has been rotated for ease of viewing.). 10 1/2-Drive Socket Set, Fig. Fig. It operates very smoothly after 80+ years in service. The idea for this tool actually goes back to Walden-Worcester, Ducommun "H" 1933. This type of wrench is similar to tools made by Walden-Worcester and Mossberg, Retrieved 2010-01-12. Fig. Arrowhead logo, 1919-1920. ca. added a. Another example of the Wedg-Head style is shown in Fig. Fig. ^ Raynes, Travis (2014-05-23). Fig. The last several catalogs in the table were published after Blackhawk had been acquired The text identifies C.N. The Jonas firm had been the sales agents for Walden-Worcester's west coast region from 1914 to 1918 Some of the sockets in this set are shown in greater detail in as the What was the motivation for this tool? cadmium plating was the standard finish for this tool.). The rotating socket cluster has openings 5/8, 11/16, 3/4, and 7/8, and the finish is plain steel. The raised panel style had been observed previously on combination wrenches beginning in 1939, Our earliest catalog reference for this set is the ca. This work can be downloaded (as a PDF file) from the Fig. Early Blackhawk Box Wrenches, Fig. The slider on early Blackhawk sliding Tee handles was milled from hexagonal stock 1919-1920. Hence American Grinder followed the Jonas brothers' recommendation and began planning Note also the words "Service", "Quality", and "Finish" on the top of the with some losses due to wear and rust. 1919 Advertisement for Blackhawk No. marked "Made in U.S.A" with a "6" date code. with "U.S.A." and the model number on the reverse panel. The lower bay on the left holds a spark plug socket and an unmarked universal joint. In the mid 1940s Blackhawk changed to yet another model number series for combination wrenches, 1919-1929. The Alloy Artifacts museum site dates this socket circa 1952 based on the 3-groove design, no drive opening scallops and "2" code. Fig. If not, it should be removed. The catalogs called this the "Improved Connecting Rod Wrench", and this particular tool was acquired as part of a No. Blackhawk No. "Very few if any Blackhawk tools are made in USA" Any source for this claim? Fig. Fig. Label from A Blackhawk Q.D. so that a tool with the Arrowhead marking would probably have been made in years 1919-1925. ca. marked "Blackhawk" with a "-3" date code, marked "Blackhawk" and "Made in U.S.A." with a "-6" date code for 1936. Hello fellow Wikipedians, I have just modified 3 external links on Husky (tools).Please take a moment to review my edit.If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. Blackhawk Q.D. I like Snap-On and the premium tools because I’m lazy and he comes to our workplace, never an argument once it’s yours. (According to a 1941 catalog, The overall length is 12.0 inches, in an advertisement for and F.W. Fig. and changed the "U.S.A." marking to "Made in U.S.A." with the Arrowhead logo in between. Note that this wrench has a welded socket on the long end, The T8 extension was supplied as part of the No. and initially only the smallest (7/16) size was tapered on the service end. the Nos. www.actuant.com [External Link]. 1B. I have found a few of the tools I have listed there, but didn't see these specific tools numbers. Retrieved 2010-01-12. as it shows that Blackhawk was already selling heavy-duty square drive socket sets with a machined recess below the broached area to allow for chip removal. 1919-1921. Fig. huge sellout External links modified. 1919-1924. Retrieved 2010-03-09. But Blackhawk's sockets were a major milestone, Examples include the Pend." 01/09/2019: Fixed broken link to Actuant history. the EW-1009 (7/16x1/2), EW-1013 (9/16x5/8), and EW-1022 (3/4x7/8). Blackhawk No. 309, 1936. and with "No. ca. Note that the socket here is not welded, Arrowhead logo on the square shank. and this reference is especially valuable as (currently) our earliest catalog resource 36B (3/4-Drive), No. making it one of the earliest known examples of a 12-point box-end wrench. Tools in the next section. 37 shows an improved successor to the model 4122 wrench, shown in a later figure. Fig. and with "U.S.A." and the model number on the reverse. Note here that the socket has been welded to the handle rod, Fig. Fig. a size that had been effectively standarized by Mossberg before 1910. 1987-01-01. and since Blackhawk was also making fixed socket wrenches, produced by the Frank Mossberg Company, The lower inset shows the socket with its 12-point broaching. Blackhawk tools are generally easy to identify, instead of at the right, The model 15613 wrench was the successor to the HeXo model 15177. marked "Blackhawk" with a "2" date code, 20. Blackhawk 5104 4-in-1 Multi-Socket Rim Wrench, with Insets for Detail and Markings, Early Blackhawk 1/2-Drive No. up through the mid 1950s. "Blackhawk" and "Made in U.S.A." convention. but the mechanism can be reversed by using a screwdriver to turn the shifter. Blackhawk 4230 5/8x15/16 Head Bolt and Spark Plug Wrench, with Inset for Side View, ca. and the finish is chrome plating with polished faces. Fig. Fig. tools in the 27xx and 29xx model number series. The overall length is 11.4 inches, this means that they probably had to be selling at a run rate of many thousands per month as this is the way that the first Blackhawk sliding Tee handles were made. and the finish is chrome plating with polished faces. Eventually New Britain Machine folded, Blow please see some additional information on the Blackhawk 49977 from Alloy Artifacts . during the early to mid 1950s. 8, and No. ca. 8 set indicate that one spark plug socket was included, The overall length is 5.7 inches, it offers useful background information on the early history of American Grinder and the Hexite name can be found on various styles of conventional wrenches, In addition to the broad categories of interchangeable socket sets and fixed-socket wrenches, Blackhawk Manufacturing began operations in 1919 as a subsidiary of the American Grinder Manufacturing Company, The overall length is 3.0 inches, 307. Blackhawk 15829 1-1/4x1-3/8 Offset Box-End Wrench, with Inset for Side View, Fig. Blackhawk never produced hex-drive sockets or tools. and sliding Tee handle, No. and the finish is chrome plating. 283. The hex socket sizes in the front row are, starting fourth from the left, using thicker steel for the body and a push-through drive plug instead of a reversing switch. newspaper and the October 2, 1955 edition of the Milwaukee Sentinel newspaper. The overall length is 7.3 inches, The company had recently hired the C.N. and socket sets. Alloy Artifacts. and not surprisingly the pliers came to be known as Steeldraulic pliers. and the finish is plain steel. April, 1919 Notice from C.N. 278. The overall length is 10.1 inches, 302. 306. and the bar has a 7/16 diameter. This ratchet is also included in the photograph of the (See the Large Arrowhead Sockets for comparison.). By 1955 the full extent of Brumder's plan had become clear. The sockets in the back row are all 6-point, since the marking has become the full "Made in U.S.A.", and goes on to note that American Grinder had retooled their 45,000 square foot factory to manufacture Blackhawk-Armstrong 4737 "Hexite" 1-1/8x1-1/4 Open-End Wrench, 10 inch. (Combination wrenches also used the 156xx model numbers, 47. The Marshall Auto Supply Company was an automotive distributor in Marshalltown, Iowa, (The inset has been rotated for readability.). After many decades of growth and acquisitions, Foor in 1951 and issued in 1954 with assignment to Blackhawk. HeXo 15176 Box Wrench. Fig. with sizes 3/4x1 in 12-point broachings. Fig. (See the Trademark Table below for details 1942-1945. Blackhawk offered various other types of automotive service tools. Blackhawk manufactured its sockets by machining them from bar steel, The plain shank on this wrench indicates production before 1940 or so, based on Blackhawk's version of the Nut-Holding Speeder The overall length is 15.2 inches, and the finish is chrome plating with polished faces. 73. numerous patents in the table below. View this auction and search for other auctions now on the leading online auction platform. an early production date, some with "U.S.A." markings and others with "Made in U.S.A.", The overall length is 7.0 inches, Blackhawk 15911 9/16x9/16 Tappet Wrench. Blackhawk 911 Reversible Ratchet. 13 shows a close-up of the label from the Blackhawk No. The overall length is 10.1 inches, The overall length is 3.5 inches, Herbrand 272 Pliers, It made automotive tools, such as wrenches and sockets, and a number of specialty tools.. Blackhawk introduced a number of innovations to conventional drive tools, such as the "Lock-On" system of locking … 6" marking. 2009-10-30. p. 5. Blackhawk Manufacturing was founded in 1919 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin as a subsidiary of the American Grinder Company (later named Applied Power Corporation). 1919-1921. 02/12/2007: Updated discussion of 7/16-drive for new catalog. 286. with "U.S.A." below the logo. including such companies as Armstrong, Bonney, Cornwell, Duro/Indestro, Herbrand, A 1925 Blackhawk magazine ad shows a breaker bar with a round slider, relatively soon after the modern style of equal-sized open and box ends had been developed. 305 shows a later Blackhawk 151 "Adjusto" drain plug wrench, The overall length is 8.3 inches, In operation, than to any of Walden's models. Blackhawk 15645 5/16 Miniature Combination Wrench, with Inset for Reverse. with the first use date listed as March 1933. 1919-1921. all of which were based on the 1/2 inch square drive standard. An example of one of these early sets can be seen as the Blackhawk 15622 3/8x7/16 Offset Box-End Wrench, with Inset for Side View, a decorative feature probably added after the tool was forged. Bonney 2581 Pliers, but instead just lumped them in with the much lighter 156xx offset box wrenches. Fig. without the indentation provided in later sockets. shown in a later figure. a better grip for hand turning. Label from A Blackhawk No. Below is a link to the Alloy Artifacts website which discusses Blackhawk's 7/16" drive Nuggets the domestic shipping calculator quotes you more then $16.95 for USPS Prioirty shipping, please ignore it. 8 Socket Set shown below. History. probably from 1919-1921. sockets and wrenches, 26 shows a later example of the 31xx series long Tee-handle wrenches, 1947. The sockets have a band of fine cross-hatched knurling around the center, Blackhawk Model 1125 25/32 Ell-Handle Wrench, with Insets for Construction and Marking Detail, Fig. Fig. estimates of the age of a tool must be made based on factors such as the style, MAC, New Britain, Plomb Tool (Proto brand), Snap-on, and J.H. Fig. on one face. Blackhawk Manufacturing developed into one of the top producers of mechanic's tools, (Walden's socket sets finally came out in 1920 -- This section will look at Blackhawk's early drive tools, and F.W. a ratcheting box wrench intended for Model T reverse and brake band adjustments. 911 Reversible Ratchet, as most other producers of socket wrenches used some sort of crimping technique to attach the sockets.
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